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Cardiovascular Medicine

The Cardiovascular Medicine Conference is moderated by Richard W. Smalling, M.D., Ph.D., Jay Brent Sterling Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine and Co-Director, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston.

This conference may include discussion of commercial products and services.

The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the sponsor or its publisher. Please review complete prescribing information of specific drugs or combination of drugs, including indications, contraindications, warnings and adverse effects before administering pharmacologic therapy to patients.

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Current Management of Hypertension

In 1945, when Franklin D. Roosevelt died of a stroke, little did his physicians know that his long-standing hypertension, with recorded systolic blood pressures as high as 300, had a… major role in his untimely death at the age of 63. The Framingham Heart Study, started in 1949, provided the first insights into the link between elevated blood pressure and cardiovascular disease, with its findings first published in 1961. Since then, numerous studies have provided valuable information about hypertension…
Authors: Aditya Khetan, M.B.B.S., Richard A Josephson, M.S., M.D. and Sri Krishna Madan Mohan M.B.B.S.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Richard W. Smalling, M.D., Ph.D.

Cardiovascular Medicine

Dr. Richard W. Smalling, Cyberounds® Cardiovascular Medicine moderator, is the Jay Brent Sterling Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine and Director of Interventional Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical …School at Houston and the Memorial Hermann Heart and Vascular Institute. A native Texan, Dr. Smalling received his B.S. in Aerospace Engineering, M.S. in Bio-Medical Engineering, M.D. and Ph.D. from the University of Texas and did his residency training and cardiology fellowship at UCSD. Board certified in internal medicine, cardiovascular medicine, and interventional cardiology, Richard is the author of over 200 peer-reviewed articles and more than a dozen textbook chapters. He is on the editorial board of several cardiovascular journals. Dr. Smalling is an active investigator in clinical cardiology in the areas of thrombolysis and facilitated PCI for AMI, new interventional devices and percutaneous left ventricular assist devices. In addition to his clinical duties as an interventional cardiologist in patients with coronary, valvular adult congenital and peripheral vascular disease, Richard has an active animal physiology laboratory engaged in evaluation of mechanisms for prevention of reperfusion injury as well as new device development for coronary interventions and left ventricular assist.

Within the past 12 months, Dr. Smalling reports no commercial conflict of interest.

Last Update: 2/21/2021

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More Cardiovascular Medicine Courses

Myocardial Infarction

This presentation may include discussion of commercial products and services. Significant progress has been made in the primary and secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI). Nevertheless, there has been… only a modest reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction and it remains a leading cause of death. Much effort and energy have been spent on the timely recognition and management of acute MI, in particular emergent reperfusion therapy. This Cyberounds® will focus on the non-emergent and subacute management of…
Authors: Richard Josephson, M.S., M.D., and Sri K. Madan Mohan, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Management of Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation – The New Era of Oral Anticoagulants

This presentation may include discussion of commercial products and services. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is defined as a tachyarrhythmia of supraventricular origin leading to deterioration in mechanical function of the… atrium. An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows fibrillatory waves varying in amplitude, shape and timing instead of P waves. These fibrillatory waves lead to an irregular rapid ventricular response. AF can occur with other atrial arrhythmias of which atrial flutter is the most common entity. The most important feature which distinguishes…
Authors: Muhib Khan, M.D., and Karen Furie, M.D., M.P.H.
Estimated Time: 2 Hours
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Current Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

The prevalence of heart failure (HF) in the U.S. exceeds six million people. This number will continue to grow with the aging population and increased incidence of… risk factors such as obesity and diabetes. In addition to physical limitations, individuals with HF have a significantly reduced life expectancy even in this era of modern medical therapies. HF hospitalization is one of the strongest predictors of mortality in patients with cardiomyopathy. Up to 30% of those…
Authors: Joel Schilling, M.D., Ph.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Pharmacological Therapy of Cardiac Arrhythmias: Atrial Fibrillation, Current Treatment and Novel Agents

Cardiac arrhythmias may be seen in individuals with known cardiovascular disease (i.e., coronary artery disease (CAD) or valvular abnormalities) or even in those without known cardiac illnesses. The spectrum… of cardiac arrhythmias varies between more self-limited or minimally symptom atic findings such as palpitations, which may be associated with premature supraventricular or ventricular beats that many experience, to the more worrisome ventricular fibrillation, a known cause of sudden cardiac arrest for which emergency cardiac resuscitation is required. Usually, cardiac arrhythmias…
Authors: Mohan N. Viswanathan, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Cardiac Vagal Neurostimulation for Ventricular Rate Control During Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia, with an estimated 2.3 million Americans having AF. The prevalence of AF increases with age, reaching… about 9% for those older than 80. Due to the aging of population, the number of AF patients is estimated to increase 2.5 times during the next 50 years. AF accounted for approximately one-third of all hospitalizations with a cardiac rhythm disturbance, and significantly…
Authors: Youhua Zhang, M.D., Ph.D., and Todor N. Mazgalev, Ph.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Suppression of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System

"It is not the answers that enlighten, but the questions." - Ionesco The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a major hormonal autocrine/paracrine system that under normal conditions contributes to the regulation of… cardiovascular and renal functions. However, under pathologic condition this system is involved in mechanisms leading to enhanced vasoconstriction, sodium retention, inflammation, matrix formation and cellular hypertrophy. Figure 1. The Renin-Angiotension System. Angiotensin II (Ang II), the major effector peptide of the…
Authors: Samer Ellahham, M.D. and Helmy M. Siragy, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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