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Nephrology

The Nephrology Conference is moderated by Eli A. Friedman, M.D., Distinguished Teaching Professor at SUNY Health Science Center at Brooklyn.

This conference may include discussion of commercial products and services.

The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the sponsor or its publisher. Please review complete prescribing information of specific drugs or combination of drugs, including indications, contraindications, warnings and adverse effects before administering pharmacologic therapy to patients.

Heat Stress, Climate Change, and Its Impact on Kidney Disease

The kidneys have a major role in maintaining a healthy extracellular environment within our bodies. Homeostasis is achieved by an elaborate intrarenal system that helps modulate extracellular and intracellular volume and electrolyte composition. Thus, the kidneys are great protectors for the host in the setting where alterations in temperature, humidity and access to water and/or food is limited. Just as the kidney is a major regulator of homeostasis, it has its own high energy demands and is especially susceptible to
Authors: Fumihiko Sasai, M.D., Ashio Yoshimura, M.D. and Richard J Johnson, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Eli A. Friedman, M.D.

Nephrology

Dr. Eli A. Friedman, the moderator for Cyberounds® Nephrology, is Distinguished Teaching Professor at SUNY Health Science Center Brooklyn. Dr. Friedman received his undergraduate degree from Brooklyn College, his M.D. from Downstate and his internal medicine and nephrology training at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital. After epidemiologic service at the CDC, Eli returned to his alma mater and established the first federally funded dialysis facility, which continues to provide hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation to an inner city population. The recipient of many awards and the author of hundreds of peer-reviewed articles and textbook chapters, Eli was recently designated a Master of the American College of Physicians. Past president of both the American and International Societies for Artificial Organs, Eli's current clinical research emphasis is diabetic nephropathy. Dr. Friedman is a consultant to Alteon Inc.

Within the past 12 months, Dr. Friedman reports no commercial conflict of interest.

Last Update: 2/21/2021

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More Nephrology Courses

Home Dialysis -- The Future Is Now

This presentation may include discussion of commercial products and services. The prevalence of renal disease in the United States continues to increase dramatically. It is estimated that one in ten Americans have some level of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This represents more than 20 million patients in the United States with this ailment. The largest (and expanding) group of CKD patients are patients 65 years of age and older (see Figure 1). Only a minority of these
Authors: Annie-Claire Nadeau-Fredette, M.D., and Joanne M. Bargman, M.D.; Eduardo Alas, M.D., and Mark Unruh, M.D., M.S.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Kidney Cancer

Kidney cancer (also known as renal cell carcinoma or RCC) is diagnosed in 36,000 patients and is the cause of death of 11-13,000 individuals per year in the U.S. (See Figure 1). Several groups of patients are at high risk for this disease: African-Americans, obese individuals (whose numbers are markedly increasing in the U.S.) and smokers. In many cases, RCC is asymptomatic at presentation, and recent data from the NCI suggest that the increasing incidence of this disease is
Authors: Robert H. Weiss, M.D. and Hiromi Inoue, D.V.M.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

Rarely do we have the chance to describe a new disorder or disease. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) presents such an opportunity. Once called nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy, NSF is an acquired idiopathic disorder in patients with renal failure who develop fibrosis in skin and internal organs after exposure to gadolinium−containing contrast agents. NSF was first noted in 1997, and published in 2000 by Cowper in the Lancet. Fifteen cases of NSF were seen in 14 dialysis patients and one patient with
Authors: Frieda Wolf, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Nephrotic Syndrome

'bubbles appearing on the surface of the urine indicate renal disease and a prolonged illness discloses chronic inflammatory activity in the glomeruli and may be identified with the term chronic glomerulonephritis' Hippocrates, Aphorisms VII, 34(6) The GBM is composed of three layers: the fenestrated endothelial cells lining the inside of the glomerular capillary; the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and the podocyte; and foot processes with their intervening slit diaphragm. The slit diaphragm constitutes a porous filter structure of nephrin
Authors: Frieda Wolf, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Renal Transplantation: Immunity and Viral Infections

An antigen presenting cell (APC) begins by phagocytizing the foreign particle. It is then 'chopped up' and binds to MHC II proteins on the cell membrane. This begins the cascade of T cell activation. MHC class II proteins activate T helper cells by binding CD4 proteins on their surface. These helper cells further activate proliferation of subtypes of T cells some of which are other T helper cells, but others are cytotoxic T cells or memory T cells.
Authors: Frieda Wolf, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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Palliative Care in ESRD

Every nephrologist has to eventually come to terms with the fact that, for ESRD patients, mortality is high with an annual 23% mortality in dialysis units. This overall high mortality in individuals with ESRD is driven by the mortality of dialysis patients, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. USRDS 2006 ADRD: All Cause Mortality Rates By Modality, 2004. As age increases, mortality increases. Note the higher rates for dialysis patients compared to the
Authors: Frieda Wolf, M.D.
Estimated Time: 1 Hour
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